Evaluation of the Behavior of Cashew Genotypes with Regard to Bacterial Disease in Agroforestry Farms in Northern Côte d'Ivoire
Brou Kouassi Guy *
Département Biologie Végétal, Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) des Sciences Biologiques, Université Peleforo GON COULIBALY (UPGC). BP 1328 Korhogo, Côte d’Ivoire.
Diarrassouba Nafan
Département Biochimie-Génétique, Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) des Sciences Biologiques, Université Peleforo Gon Coulibaly (UPGC). BP 1328 Korhogo, Côte d’Ivoire.
Doga Dabé
Station de Recherche de Lataha, Programme Anacarde, Mangue et Papaye, Centre Nationale de Recherche Agronomique (CNRA), 01 BP 1740 Abidjan 01, Côte d’Ivoire.
Oro Zokou Franck
Département Biologie Végétal, Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) des Sciences Biologiques, Université Peleforo GON COULIBALY (UPGC). BP 1328 Korhogo, Côte d’Ivoire.
Leki Konan Bertrand
Département Biologie Végétal, Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) des Sciences Biologiques, Université Peleforo GON COULIBALY (UPGC). BP 1328 Korhogo, Côte d’Ivoire.
Kouassi Koffi II Nazaire
Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) Biosciences, Programme West African Virus Epidemiology (WAVE), Université Félix Houphouët Boigny, 01 BPV 34 Abidjan 01, ex-Directeur du Laboratoire Central de Biotechnologie, Centre Nationale de Recherche Agronomique (CNRA), 01 BP 1740 Abidjan 01, Côte d’Ivoire.
Dogbo Denezon Odette
Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) des Sciences Naturelles, Laboratoire de Physiologie Végétale, Université Nangui Abrogoua, 02 BP 801Abidjan 02, Côte d’Ivoire.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Notwithstanding the inflows of currency for the populations who practice it, the cultivation of the cashew tree contributes to strengthening the forestry agrosystem in Côte d'Ivoire. However, this culture, with multiple interests, is confronted with attacks from parasites including bacterial disease. Bacterial disease causes extensive damage to vegetative organs as well as fruits and causes yield losses. The objective of this study is to assess the behavior of cashew genotypes in relation to the severity and incidence of bacterial disease in the context of agroforestry production in Côte d'Ivoire.
To achieve this objective, 1.200 branches were observed to assess the tolerance or sensitivity of 30 cashew trees in agroforestry orchards of cashew trees in the localities of Korhogo, Sinématiali and Boundiali. These cashew genotypes were selected and geolocated. The factor studied is the cashew genotype, composed of 30 cashew genotypes, with 6 modalities which are the severity index of bacterial disease on leaves, twigs and nuts, the incidence of bacterial disease. bacterial disease on leaves, twigs and nuts. The data collected that are the index of severity of bacterial disease on leaves, twigs and nuts, the incidence of bacterial disease on leaves, twigs and nuts have made the subject to descriptive analysis and PCA. The ascending hierarchical classification (HAC) and multivariate analysis completed the data analysis. The results obtained revealed three groups of cashew trees. Those of group 3 made up of twelve (12) genotypes, namely SYDN, SDYY, SDYN and KBSD coming from the localities of Sinématiali and Korhogo, differ from the others by a weak infection of the nuts (8.67 ± 2.74). The genotypes in this group are more resilient and their development in an agroforestry system could help promote agroecological management of bacterial disease, improve and intensify agroforestry practices in C. d'Ivoire.
Keywords: Cashew tree, agroforestry system, resilient, bacterial blight, incidence, severity